Monday, 10 February 2020

Thinking Activity : Unit :- 2 Five Types of cultural studies

Thinking Activity Unit :-2 Five Types of cultural studies

Hello readers!

                       Hear is my blog about Five Types of cultural studies. This task is given by pro Barad sir, Department of English Bhavnagar University.

1. Your understanding of British Cultural Materialism, in Your own Words.


                   Cultural matirialisam  began in earnest in the 1950s with the work of F. R. Leavis, heavily influenced by Matthew Arnold 's analyses of bourgeois culture. Cultural studies is refererd to as " cultural materialism" in Britain, and it has a long tradition. In the later nineteenth century. In Modern Britain two trajectories for"culture" developed one led back to the past and the feudal hierarchies that ordered community in the past here culture acted in its scared function as preserver of the past.

                       Cultural materialism says that the best way to understand human culture is to examine material conditions. Cultural studies emerged as a theoretical movement in the early 1880s along with new historicism, an American approach to early modern literature, with which it shares much common ground cultural materialists analyze the process by which hegemonic forces in society appropriate canonical and historically important.

2. What is contribution of michel foucault in new historicism?

                  New historians see such cross cultural phenomena as text in the selves from Hayden white, cultural studies practitioners learned how figural relationships between present and past tropes are shaped by historical Discourse for chifford Geetz they derived the Important of immersion in a culture. 

                         Foucault understood power as continually articulated knowledge and vice versa, that knowledge always endorses the position of the powerful and that knowledge is created by power structures. New Historicists seek to find examples of power and manifestation of discursive practices, how they are dispersed within the text , and how they contribute to establishing the " greatness" His primary concern has been with power's relationship to the discursive formations in society that make knowledge. 


3. how can new historicists help in answering the question raised against laputa episode in Gulliver’s Travels? 

                        A new Historicists look at literature in a wider historical times affected the work and how the work reflect the writer 's times, in turn recognizing that current cultural contexts color that critic's conclusions.

                                 Laputa is a ginatic trope of the female body : the circular island with a round chasm at the center, laputa has at its center a giant lodeston on which the movement of the island depends. Thus in " A voyage to laputa control of women has to mean control of their displeasure as well as their sexuality, reflecting the contemporary debates of swift's day. In a paradingmatic instance of misogyny, the achievements of male control over female body itself reders that body the wore laputa. One final historical note a pamphlet published in 1727 was purportedly written by Lemuel Gulliver, surgeon and anatomist to the kings of lilliput and Blefescu.

4. Four types of analysis of popular culture apply it on popular artifacts. 

                                   Before 1960s there was a time when popular culture was not studies by academics when popular culture was not studies by academics when it was well, just popular culture. They assess how such factors as ethnicity, race, gender, class, age, region and sexuality are shaped by  reshaped in popular culture.

                                There are four main types of popular cultural analysis :
1.production analysis 3. Audience Analysis
2.Textual Analysis 4. Historical Analysis

                                 These analysis seek to get beneath the surface meaning and examine more implicit social meanings. Sometimes popular culture can so overtake and repackage to read the original text without reference to the many layers of popular culture that have developed around it. As we will also point out, the popular culture reconstruction of a work like frankenstein can also open it to unfore seen new interpretations.

                          Post modernism was based on an anarchical, non- totalized and indeterminate state of knowledge modernist approach was objective, theoretical and analytical while the post modernism approach was based on subjectivity. The fundamental difference between modernism and post modernism is that modernist thinking is about the search of an abstract truth of life while postmodernism thinkers believe that there is no universal truth, abstract or otherwise.

5.Difference between modernism and post modernism. It possible, give example also. 
    
                                Modernism began in 1890s and lated till about 1945.post mordenism began after the second 1945. Mordenism was based on using rational, logical means to gain knowledge while postmodernism denied the application of logical thinking. Rather, the thinking during the postmodern era was based on unscientific, irrational thought process, as a reaction to modernism. A hierarchical and organized and determinate nature of knowledge characterized modernism. 
                             
For example :
                                       Heidegger and Derrida some of the leading post modern theorist aggressively criticizes traditional culture and politics, However this could be seen as a passing fad. They argue that traditional culture, theory and politics. Specious invention of intellectual in search of a new Discourse and source of culture capital.
                                    Thank you..

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